What primary process helps to ensure safe drinking water through the removal of germs?

Disinfection is the primary process specifically designed to eliminate or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms in water, ensuring it is safe for consumption. This process often utilizes chemical agents like chlorine, ozone, or ultraviolet (UV) light to target and destroy harmful bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens that can pose serious health risks if ingested.

While flocculation, filtration, and sedimentation are also important components of water treatment, they serve different purposes. Flocculation involves the aggregation of particles to form larger clumps, which helps in their removal but does not specifically target germs. Filtration physically removes particles and some microorganisms but may not eliminate all pathogens unless combined with disinfection methods. Sedimentation allows heavier particles to settle at the bottom of a tank and helps clarify water but does not effectively address microbial contaminants.

Thus, disinfection is the crucial step that directly targets germs, making it essential for ensuring safe drinking water.