What is the most practical method for removing nitrates from water?

The most practical method for removing nitrates from water is through ion exchange. This process involves a chemical reaction where nitrates in the water are exchanged for other ions, typically chloride ions, that are held on a resin. The ion exchange process effectively removes nitrates, allowing them to be separated from the water supply.

Ion exchange is favored for treating nitrate contamination due to its efficiency and the ability to target specific contaminants like nitrates, providing a high level of removal. It is particularly useful in situations where groundwater or drinking water sources contain nitrate levels that exceed safe consumption standards.

While reverse osmosis is also effective at reducing nitrates, it involves a more complex system with higher energy requirements and maintenance provisions. Activated carbon filtration is primarily used for organic compounds and does not effectively remove nitrates. Chlorination is a method for disinfecting water and does not target nitrate removal, making ion exchange the most suitable option among the methods listed.