What is classified as a waterborne disease?

A waterborne disease is specifically related to the presence of pathogens in water that is contaminated. These pathogens can include bacteria, viruses, and protozoa that are ingested through drinking water or through activities such as bathing or swimming in contaminated water. When individuals consume or come into contact with this contaminated water, they can experience a range of illnesses, commonly affecting the gastrointestinal system but can also affect other body systems.

The focus on pathogens distinguishes waterborne diseases from other types of health issues related to water. In contrast, illnesses caused by chemical contamination (like heavy metals or toxins) do not involve biological agents and are categorized differently. Similarly, health concerns linked to air pollution or soil contamination are associated with those specific environmental factors, emphasizing that waterborne diseases are uniquely tied to water contaminated with infectious organisms.