What does the term "waterborne diseases" refer to?

The term "waterborne diseases" specifically refers to illnesses that are caused by pathogens—such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites—that are present in contaminated water. When individuals consume or come into contact with this contaminated water, they can become infected, leading to various health issues. Common waterborne diseases include cholera, dysentery, and typhoid fever.

This definition underscores the importance of access to clean, safe drinking water and effective sanitation practices. While there's a connection between water quality and sanitation, waterborne diseases are uniquely associated with the direct ingestion or exposure to tainted water sources, distinguishing them from illnesses transmitted through air or those caused by food contamination.