What does the term "backflow" mean in water systems?

The term "backflow" in water systems specifically refers to the reversal of water flow in the distribution system. This phenomenon can occur when there is a change in pressure that creates a situation where water flows backward, potentially leading to contamination of the potable water supply.

Backflow can happen due to various reasons, such as a sudden drop in water pressure in the distribution system, which might occur during events like firefighting or maintenance activities. The risk associated with backflow is significant, as it can introduce pollutants or contaminants from non-potable sources into the clean, treated water supply, potentially posing health risks to consumers.

Understanding backflow is crucial for implementing proper prevention measures, such as backflow prevention devices, which help ensure that water flows in only one direction, maintaining the safety and integrity of the water supply.